As an epigraph for his novel Glory Road, Robert Heinlein quoted a passage from Bernard Shaw’s play Caesar and Cleopatra, which included the following memorable line:
. . . he is a barbarian, and thinks that the customs of his tribe and island are the laws of nature.
These lines captured, for me, what I have come to feel is one of the great pleasures of science fiction: stories set in worlds whose customs are different from those of our own time, or as I like to call them, heterotopias—neither “good places” nor “bad places” but “other places,” where customs other than ours are followed and indeed taken for granted.
Such visions implicitly, and sometimes explicitly, invite us to adopt the heterotopian perspective and look back on our own lives and our own world as if we inhabited some nearly unimaginable alien realm. The literary critic Darko Suvin coined the phrase cognitive estrangement for this experience.
One of the first works of fiction that made me feel this effect was one of Rudyard Kipling’s “airship utopia” stories, “As Easy as A.B.C.” – now one of four classic works selected as finalists for the next Prometheus Hall of Fame award for Best Classic Fiction.
